• 专利附录
  • 专利说明
  • 权利要求
  • 类似技术
  • 同族专利
  • 引用文献
  • 法律状态
  • 优先权
    • 专利摘要:
    An apparatus for scraping fur, such as mink fur, comprises a mandrel (M) for supporting the fur with a leather side of the fur facing outwardly and with a hair side of the fur facing inwardly towards the mandrel (M). A scraper unit is provided for scraping fat and flesh off the leather side of the fur. When the fur has been removed from the mandrel (M) and before a next fur is mounted, a cleaning unit (C) cleans the mandrel. The cleaning unit comprises at least one nozzle (N) for spraying water onto a surface of the mandrel (N) and a source of negative pressure (Vac.) for applying suction or vacuum to the surface of the mandrel (N) for removing water sprayed onto the mandrel (M) by the at least one nozzle (N).
    公开号:DK201370376A1
    申请号:DK201370376
    申请日:2013-07-05
    公开日:2015-01-19
    发明作者:Kent Lange；Jens Jørgen Madsen
    申请人:Hedensted Gruppen As；
    IPC主号:
    专利说明:

    SCRAPING FUR APPARATUS Technical field
    The present invention relates to an apparatus for scraping fur, in particular mink fur, notably to a cleaning unit for cleaning a fur-supporting mandrel of such an apparatus. The invention also relates to a method of cleaning a fur-supporting mandrel of an apparatus for scraping fur, and to a cleaning unit for such an apparatus.
    Background of the invention
    Processing of fur, such as mink fur, often includes a process of removing fat and flesh residues from the leather side of the fur by means of a skinning or fleshing apparatus with rotating scraper rollers that remove the fat and flesh during contact with the back side of the fur under pressure.
    European patent application no. 2 599 881 discloses an apparatus for scraping fur, such as mink fur. The apparatus comprises two scraper units each with a plurality of rotating scraper rollers arranged to remove fat and flesh from a leather side of a fur placed on a mandrel with a leather side of the fur facing outwardly and a hair side of the fur facing inwardly, ie towards a surface of the mandrel. The mandrel is movable in its lengthwise direction. Scraping of the fur may occur in the presence of particulate material, such as sawdust, and / or in the presence of water being sprayed onto the fur. A further apparatus is known from EP 2 093 299.
    It will be appreciated that such processing of the fur may leave residues of fat, flesh, particulate material or other impurities on the mandrel. Following processing of a fur and removal of the fur from the mandrel, it may therefore be desirable to clean the surface of the mandrel in order to avoid such impurities from coming into contact with a next fur to be processed. This desire is particularly pronounced because the fur faces with the hair side towards the surface of the mandrel. Accordingly, thorough cleaning of the mandrel is required. In order to maximize the capacity of the apparatus it is also desirable to minimize the time interval between the point in time, in which a furrow is removed from the mandrel and the point in time, in which the next furrow is mounted onto the mandrel. The time for cleaning the mandrel should therefore be minimized.
    Experience shows that automated cleaning units tend to leave traces or stripes of fat on the surface of the mandrel, such traces or stripes being caused by rubber lips being provided to scrape water off the surface of the mandrel following cleaning.
    Summary of the invention
    In the above background, it is an object of embodiments of the invention to provide an apparatus with an improved cleaning unit for the fur-supporting mandrel of the apparatus, an improved method for cleaning the mandrel, and a cleaning unit itself. In particular, it is an object of embodiments of the invention to provide an apparatus which cleans thoroughly while keeping time consumed by cleaning at a minimum.
    In a first aspect, the invention provides an apparatus for scraping fur, such as mink fur, comprising: a mandrel for supporting the fur with a leather side of the fur facing outwardly and with a hair side of the fur facing inwardly towards the mandrel; a scraper unit comprising means for making contact with the leather side of the fur on the mandrel; a drive for causing a relative translational movement between the mandrel and the scraper unit; a cleaning unit for cleaning the mandrel when the fur has been removed from the mandrel; The cleaning unit comprises: at least one nozzle for spraying water onto at least one surface of the mandrel; and - a source of negative pressure for applying suction to the at least one surface of the mandrel for removing water sprayed onto the mandrel by said at least one nozzle
    In a second aspect, the invention provides a method for cleaning a mandrel of an apparatus for scraping fur, such as mink fur, said apparatus comprising: - a mandrel for supporting the fur with a leather side of the fur facing outwardly and with a hair side of the furrow facing inward towards the mandrel; a scraper unit comprising means for making contact with the leather side of the fur on the mandrel; a drive for causing a relative translational movement between the mandrel and the scraper unit; a cleaning unit for cleaning the mandrel when the fur has been removed from the mandrel, the cleaning unit comprising at least one nozzle for spraying water onto at least one surface of the mandrel and a source of negative pressure for applying suction to the at least one surface of the mandrel for removing water sprayed onto the mandrel by said at least one nozzle, said method comprising the steps of: causing the drive unit to move the mandrel relative to the cleaning unit in a predetermined direction of movement; and simultaneously: spraying water onto the at least one surface of the mandrel by means of the at least one nozzle; applying suction to the at least one surface of the mandrel by means of the source of negative pressure.
    In a third aspect, the invention further provides a cleaning unit for an apparatus according to the first aspect of the invention, said cleaning unit comprising at least one nozzle for spraying water onto at least one surface of the mandrel, and a source of negative pressure. for applying suction to the at least one surface of the mandrel for removing water sprayed onto the mandrel by said at least one nozzle.
    If water is removed by suction, the risk of any scraping lip, plate or any other element coming into contact with the surface of the mandrel during the cleaning process leaves traces or stripes of fat on the surface of the mandrel. Preferably, the source of negative pressure sucks water away from the surface of the mandrel at a position near or near the nozzle. The present invention therefore achieves a stable cleaning system, which is efficient and requires only a minimum of attention (inspection) by human operators. In preferred embodiments of the invention, no manual cleaning is required, and the time for cleaning is therefore minimized, and the capacity of the apparatus is in turn optimized.
    The source of negative pressure is preferably arranged to continuously suck away water during the entire cleaning process, or at least while the nozzle sprays water onto the surface of the mandrel and possibly during a given time span thereafter. The source of negative pressure may be provided as an integrated part of the apparatus, or it may be detachably attached thereto. Accordingly, the source of negative pressure may be provided as a retrofit.
    The above effects of the source of negative pressure of the cleaning unit are particularly pronounced in case the apparatus further comprises a lip or plate for scraping fat residues off the surface of the mandrel. For example, when viewed in the direction of movement of the mandrel, a lip or plate may be provided upstream of the nozzle such as to scrape relatively large pieces of fat, meat and other impurities off the surface of the mandrel. The lip or plate may form an integrated part of the cleaning unit, or it may be a separate component. In one embodiment of the invention, the at least one nozzle is arranged between two lips or plates arranged for scraping fat or water off the surface of the mandrel, and / or for providing a seal for maintaining at least a portion of the water sprayed onto the mandrel in the vicinity of the nozzle. The two lips or plates may therefore serve several purposes, including scraping of fat off the mandrel, scraping water off the mandrel, and confining water to an area of the mandrel surface located between the two lips or plates.
    Preferably, the source of negative pressure connects to the mandrel in a zone which is not between said two lips or plates, most preferably to a zone which is downstream of both lips or plates when seen in the transport direction of the mandrel. For example, the source of negative pressure may be connected to the mandrel between one of said lips or plates, preferably a downstream one, and a third lip or plate. Accordingly, suction may be effected at a position on the surface of the mandrel, which is between a second and a third lip or plate. The second lip or plate may therefore scrape off the majority of water on the mandrel, whereas remaining water is scraped off the third lip or plate and sucked away by the source of negative pressure.
    For example, each of the lips or plates may be made of a rubber or plastic material, which makes firm contact, such as sealing contact, with an outer surface of the mandrel during the cleaning process. In case the mandrel has a polygonal cross section, respective sets of lips or plates may be provided on each of the sides of the mandrel. For example, in embodiments in which the mandrel has a rectangular cross section, four sets of first, second and third lips or plates may be provided on each of the four sides of the mandrel.
    Likewise, in embodiments in which the mandrel has a polygonal, such as rectangular cross section, the cleaning unit may be arranged to spray water onto a plurality of surfaces defined by the polygonal cross section. For example, respective nozzles may be provided for each surface of the mandrel. Alternatively, one or more flow distribution guide elements may be provided for distributing the flow of water over all of the surfaces of the mandrel. In one embodiment of the invention, the nozzles may be connected in pairs, so that one pair of nozzles constitute an integrated unit, which sprays on two neighboring surfaces. Alternatively, one nozzle may be arranged to spray two surfaces.
    In the present context, the transport direction of the mandrel is to be understood as that direction along which the mandrel moves during the cleaning process. In one embodiment of the invention, the drive may be configured to move the mandrel in two opposite directions. For example, the drive may be configured to move the mandrel in a forward direction during scraping of the fur by the scraping unit (or scraping units) and in a backward direction during cleaning by the cleaning unit.
    In order to improve cleaning results, cleaning may be performed in the presence of a detergent. The apparatus may thus comprise a source of the detergent and means for supplying the detergent to the water. The source of detergent and the means for supplying it may preferably form part of the cleaning unit. Cleaning results are further improved by applying water a temperature well above room temperature, such as a temperature of at least 40 ° C, such as at least 45 ° C, such as at least 50 ° C or at least 55 ° C, or at a temperature of between about 40 ° C and 90 ° C, such as at about 60 ° C -65 ° C. One preferred temperature range is between 40 ° C and 65 ° C.
    The cleaning unit may operate in the presence or absence of particulate material, such as sawdust. In a preferred embodiment, the cleaning unit operates in the absence of any such particulate material, which has been found to be superfluous and which may even cause damage or excessive wear to, e.g., the lips of plates for scraping off the surface of the mandrel .
    The cleaning unit may advantageously be arranged at a near one end of the apparatus, which is at or near the scraper unit. The drive may arranged to linearly displace the mandrel between first and second opposed ends of the apparatus in a forward direction during scraping of the furrow and in a backward direction when retracting the mandrel to its initial position, in which the scraping of a next furrow may occur. start. Cleaning may take place during forward and / or during backward movement of the mandrel. In order to ensure proper, i.e. intended, functioning of any possible array of lips or plates in conjunction with the source of negative pressure to provide suction to the surface of the mandrel, water is preferably sprayed onto the mandrel only during a predetermined direction of movement of the mandrel, i.e. either forward or backward. Embodiments comprising several sources of negative pressure and additional lips or plates, such as embodiments, wherein respective sites of suction are provided on either side of the nozzle, spraying with water may occur during forward and backward movement of the apparatus. The cleaning unit may be stationary, i.e. immobilized, so that it remains in a fixed position. Alternatively, the cleaning unit may be displaceable along the mandrel.
    The cleaning unit, including the nozzle for spraying water and the source of negative pressure, is preferably controlled by an electronic control system of the apparatus, which automatically initiates cleaning when a fur has been scraped by the scraping unit and removed from the mandrel and before a new fur is mounted onto the mandrel.
    Brief description of the drawings
    Embodiments of the invention will now be further described with reference to the drawings, in which:
    FIG. 1 illustrates one embodiment of an apparatus according to the present invention;
    FIG. 2 illustrates one embodiment of a cleaning unit according to the invention and a mandrel of an apparatus according to the invention.
    Detailed description of the drawings
    FIG. 1 shows an embodiment of an apparatus according to the invention. The apparatus comprises an elongated mandrel M with a rectangular cross section arranged to support a mink fur with its head end arranged at a tip of the mandrel M, i.e. to the right on Fig. 1. The mandrel M is shown in its initial position where it is prepared for a fur to be mounted. During skin-scraping operation, the mandrel M is driven forwardly along its longitudinal axis, i.e. in the direction indicated by arrow DF, so as to process the fur by a scraper arrangement with rotating scraper rollers arranged to remove remaining fat and flesh pieces on the leather side of the fur.
    The scraper arrangement at one end of the apparatus (to the right in Fig. 1) has two scraper units with scraper rollers with an intermediate sawdust dispenser SD arranged to sawdust onto the furrow. The first unit of scraper rollers by which the fur is processed when the mandrel M is driven forwards, has four scraper rollers, of which only three are visible, namely two horizontal scraper rollers Sl_l, S2_l which are placed on opposite sides of the mandrel M during operation, and two vertical scraper rollers of which only the nearest one S3_l is visible. The scraper rollers are thus placed to cover all sides of the fur when placed on the rectangular mandrel M. Fat and flesh removed by the scraper rollers Sl_l, S2_l, S3_l is pumped away by a motor driven pump FP. After processing by the first scraper unit, the fur is provided with sawdust from the sawdust dispenser SD, and subsequently, when the mandrel M is driven further forwardly, and the fur is processed by a second scraper unit to remove the last pieces of fat and flesh as well as the sawdust which serves to absorb fat. Three out of the four scraper rollers of the second scraper unit are visible Sl_2, S2_2, S3_2. An immobilized fat scraper SF is provided downstream of scraper rollers S 1_1 and S 2_1. All eight scraper rollers are driven by respective electric motors.
    Near the above-mentioned end of the apparatus, a cleaning unit C is provided, which is shown in detail in FIG. 2. The cleaning unit comprises four sub-units, two of which (Cx and C2) are shown in FIG. 2. Each cleaning sub-unit Cx and C2comprises a housing FI, and, within the housing, a nozzle N for spraying water onto a respective surface of the mandrel M. A source of negative pressure is provided for sucking water away from the surface of the the mandrel through tube T as indicated by the arrow Vac in Fig. 2. Respective scraping lips or plates U, l_2 and 1-3 are provided for scraping water and impurities, such as fat and flesh residues off the surface of the mandrel. Each of the lips or plates Llf l_2 and l_3 may be made of a flexible material, such as from rubber, and firmly engages the surface of the mandrel.
    During the process of cleaning the mandrel, the mandrel is moved in a backward direction as indicated by arrow DB, which is opposite to the forward direction indicated by arrow DFin Fig. 1. A first upstream one of the scraping lips or plates U scrapes relatively large pieces of fat and meat off the surface of the mandrel as the mandrel moves in its direction of movement, Db. The housing H and first and second lips U and L2 form a chamber, in which the nozzle N is provided, so as to concentrate the presence of water on a surface portion of the mandrel between the two lips U and L2. During movement of the mandrel in the DB direction, the nozzle N sprays pure hot water or hot water mixed with a detergent onto the surface of the mandrel. The second lip or plate L2 scrapes water off the mandrel as the mandrel moves along the lip L2. Remaining residues of water, fat and possibly other impurities is sucked away by negative pressure (vacuum) through tube T.
    权利要求:
    Claims (14)
    [1] 1. An apparatus for scraping fur, such as mink fur, comprising: - a mandrel for supporting the fur with a leather side of the fur facing outwardly and with a hair side of the fur facing inwardly towards the mandrel; - a scraper unit comprising means for making contact with the leather side of the fur on the mandrel; - a drive for causing a relative translational movement between the mandrel and the scraper unit; - a cleaning unit for cleaning the mandrel when the fur has been removed from the mandrel; wherein the cleaning unit comprises: - at least one nozzle for spraying water onto at least one surface of the mandrel; and - a source of negative pressure for applying suction to the at least one surface of the mandrel for removing water sprayed onto the mandrel by said at least one nozzle.
    [2] 2. An apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the at least one nozzle is arranged between two lips or plates arranged for scraping fat or water off the surface of the mandrel, and/or for providing a seal for maintaining at least a portion of the water sprayed in the vicinity of the nozzle.
    [3] 3. An apparatus according to claim 2, wherein the source of negative pressure connects to the mandrel at a zone which is not between said two lips or plates.
    [4] 4. An apparatus according to claim 3, wherein the source of negative pressure connects to the mandrel between one of said lips or plates and a third lip or plate.
    [5] 5. An apparatus according to any of the preceding claims, further comprising a source of a detergent and means for supplying said detergent to the water.
    [6] 6. An apparatus according to any of the preceding claims, wherein the mandrel has a polygonal, such as rectangular, cross section, and wherein the cleaning unit is arranged to spray water onto a plurality of surfaces defined by said polygonal cross section.
    [7] 7. An apparatus according to claim 6, wherein the mandrel has a rectangular cross section, and wherein the cleaning unit comprises four nozzles for spraying water onto each of the four sides of the mandrel.
    [8] 8. An apparatus according to any of the preceding claims, wherein the scraper unit is arranged at or near a one end of the apparatus, and wherein the cleaning unit is arranged at a near said end of the apparatus.
    [9] 9. A method for cleaning a mandrel of an apparatus for scraping fur, such as mink fur, said apparatus comprising: - a mandrel for supporting the fur with a leather side of the fur facing outwardly and with a hair side of the fur facing inwardly towards the mandrel; - a scraper unit comprising means for making contact with the leather side of the fur on the mandrel; - a drive for causing a relative translational movement between the mandrel and the scraper unit; - a cleaning unit for cleaning the mandrel when the fur has been removed from the mandrel, the cleaning unit comprising at least one nozzle for spraying water onto at least one surface of the mandrel and a source of negative pressure for applying suction to the at least one surface of the mandrel for removing water sprayed onto the mandrel by said at least one nozzle, said method comprising the steps of: causing the drive unit to move the mandrel relative to the cleaning unit in a predetermined direction of movement; and simultaneously: - spraying water onto the at least one surface of the mandrel by means of the at least one nozzle; - applying suction to the at least one surface of the mandrel by means of the source of negative pressure.
    [10] 10. A method according to claim 9, wherein the cleaning unit operates in the absence of any particulate material, such as sawdust.
    [11] 11. A method according to claim 9 or 10, wherein: - the at least one nozzle is arranged between first and second lips or plates arranged for scraping fat or water off the surface of the mandrel, and/or for providing a seal for maintaining at least a portion of the water sprayed in the vicinity of the nozzle; - the source of negative pressure connects to the mandrel at a zone which is not between said first and second lips or plates; - the source of negative pressure connects to the mandrel between one of said lips or plates and a third lip or plate, and wherein the third lip or plate is arranged downstream of said first and second lips or plates when seen in the direction of movement of the mandrel.
    [12] 12. A method according to any of claims 9-11, wherein said water is at a temperature of at least 40 °C.
    [13] 13. A method according to any of claims 9-12, comprising the further step of adding a detergent to the water.
    [14] 14. A cleaning unit for an apparatus according to any of claims 1-8, said cleaning unit comprising at least one nozzle for spraying water onto at least one surface of the mandrel, and a source of negative pressure for applying suction to the at least one surface of the mandrel for removing water sprayed onto the mandrel by said at least one nozzle.
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    同族专利:
    公开号 | 公开日
    DK178038B1|2015-04-07|
    引用文献:
    公开号 | 申请日 | 公开日 | 申请人 | 专利标题
    DK200000368U3|2000-12-11|2001-02-09|Poul Agerbo|Cleans to scraper|
    DK176494B1|2004-01-14|2008-05-19|4M Globe Man Ltd|Apparatus and method for the treatment of fur animals|
    DE602009000867D1|2008-02-21|2011-04-28|Pamutec Patents Aps|Device for the treatment of fur|
    DK2599880T3|2011-11-30|2016-09-05|Hedensted Gruppen As|Fur processing apparatus with liquid spray-on scraper rollers|
    法律状态:
    优先权:
    申请号 | 申请日 | 专利标题
    DK201370376A|DK178038B1|2013-07-05|2013-07-05|Apparatus for scraping fur|
    DK201370376|2013-07-05|DK201370376A| DK178038B1|2013-07-05|2013-07-05|Apparatus for scraping fur|
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